ʻO ke kumuhana a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā e pili ana i nā hale akamai.
I ka pili ʻana i nā hale akamai, ʻaʻohe mea e kamaʻāina iā lākou.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia kenekulia, i ka wā i hānau mua ʻia ai ka manaʻo o ka Internet of Things, ʻo ka wahi noi nui loa, ʻo ia ka home akamai.
I loko o nā makahiki, me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana kikohoʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lako akamai no ka home.ʻO kēia mau lako lako i lawe mai i ka ʻoluʻolu nui i ke ola ʻohana a hoʻohui pū i ka leʻaleʻa o ka noho ʻana.
I ka wā lōʻihi, e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā polokalamu he nui ma kāu kelepona.
ʻAe, ʻo kēia ka pilikia pale kaiaola i hoʻopilikia lōʻihi i ka ʻoihana home akamai.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana IoT ua ʻike mau ʻia e ka fragmentation.Hoʻohālikelike nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi like ʻole i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻenehana IoT.Pono kekahi i ka bandwidth nui, makemake kekahi i ka hoʻohana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke nānā aku nei kekahi i ke kūpaʻa, a hopohopo nui kekahi i ke kumukūʻai.
Ua ulu kēia i kahi hui o 2/3/4/5G, NB-IoT, eMTC, LoRa, SigFox, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Thread a me nā ʻenehana kamaʻilio kumu.
ʻO ka home akamai, ʻo ia hoʻi, he hiʻohiʻona LAN maʻamau, me nā ʻenehana kamaʻilio pōkole e like me Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Thread, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i loko o nā ʻāpana ākea a me ka hoʻohana kea.
Eia kekahi, no ka mea, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hale akamai i nā mea hoʻohana ʻole, hana nā mea hana i kā lākou mau kahua ponoʻī a me nā pilina UI a hoʻohana i nā protocol layer proprietary e hōʻoia i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana.Ua alakaʻi kēia i ke "kaua kaiaola" o kēia manawa.
ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia wale nā mea hoʻohana ma waena o nā kaiaola, akā no nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea hoʻomohala - ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka huahana like e pono ai ka hoʻomohala ʻana no nā kaiaola like ʻole, me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka hana a me nā kumukūʻai.
No ka mea he pilikia koʻikoʻi ka pilikia o nā pale kaiaola i ka hoʻomohala lōʻihi o nā hale akamai, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana e hana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena i kēia pilikia.
ʻO ka hānau ʻana o ka protocol Matter
I Kekemapa 2019, hui pū ʻo Google lāua ʻo Apple i ka Zigbee Alliance, hui pū me Amazon a ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 mau hui a me nā tausani o nā loea i ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻolaha i kahi protocol layer application hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo Project CHIP (Connected Home over IP) protocol.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai mai ka inoa, pili ʻo CHIP i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka home e pili ana i nā protocol IP.Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia protocol me ka manaʻo e hoʻonui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hāmeʻa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka huahana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana a hoʻokele i ka ʻoihana i mua.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka hui hana CHIP, ʻo ka hoʻolālā kumu e hoʻokuʻu i ka maʻamau ma 2020 a hoʻomaka i ka huahana ma 2021. Eia naʻe, no nā kumu like ʻole, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kēia hoʻolālā.
I Mei 2021, ua hoʻololi ka Zigbee Alliance i kona inoa i CSA (Connectivity Standards Alliance).Ma ka manawa like, ua kapa hou ʻia ka papahana CHIP iā Matter (ʻo ia hoʻi "kūlana, hanana, mea" ma ka ʻōlelo Kina).
Ua kapa hou ʻia ka Alliance no ka mea ʻaʻole makemake ka nui o nā lālā e hui pū me Zigbee, a ua hoʻololi ʻia ʻo CHIP i Matter, ma muli paha o ka kaulana loa o ka huaʻōlelo CHIP (ʻo ia ka manaʻo o ka "chip") a maʻalahi loa e hāʻule.
I ʻOkakopa 2022, ua hoʻokuʻu hope ka CSA i ka mana 1.0 o ka protocol maʻamau Matter.Ma mua koke o kēlā, ma 18 Mei 2023, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka Matter version 1.1.
Ua māhele ʻia nā lālā CSA Consortium i ʻekolu pae: Initiator, Participant and Adopter.Aia nā mea hoʻomaka i ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻo ia ka mea mua i komo i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka protocol, he mau lālā o ka Papa Hoʻokele o ka Alliance a komo i kekahi wahi i ke alakaʻi a me nā hoʻoholo o ka Alliance.
ʻO Google a me Apple, ma ke ʻano he ʻelele o nā mea hoʻomaka, ua hāʻawi nui i nā kikoʻī mua o Matter.
Ua hāʻawi aku ʻo Google i kāna ʻaoʻao pūnaewele ʻo Smart Home ponoʻī a me ka protocol noi Weave (kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā mīkini hōʻoia maʻamau a me nā kauoha no ka hana ʻana o ka polokalamu), ʻoiai ua hāʻawi ʻo Apple i ka HAP Security (no ka kamaʻilio hope a me ka hoʻoponopono LAN kūloko, e hōʻoia i ka pilikino a me ka palekana. ).
Wahi a ka ʻikepili hou loa ma ka pūnaewele mana, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka consortium CSA e ka huina o 29 mau hui, me 282 mau mea komo a me 238 mau mea hoʻohana.
Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei e ka poʻe pilikua, ke hoʻopuka ikaika nei nā mea pāʻani ʻoihana i kā lākou waiwai naʻauao no Matter a ua kūpaʻa lākou i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kaiaola kaiaola i hui pū ʻia.
Hoʻolālā protocol o Matter
Ma hope o kēia kamaʻilio ʻana, pehea mākou e maopopo ai i ka protocol Matter?He aha kona pilina me Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Thread a me Zigbee?
ʻAʻole wikiwiki loa, e nānā kākou i kahi kiʻi:
ʻO kēia ke kiʻikuhi o ka hoʻolālā protocol: Wi-Fi, Thread, Bluetooth (BLE) a me Ethernet nā protocols lalo (nā papa pili kino a me ka ʻikepili);i luna ka papa pūnaewele, me nā protocol IP;i luna ka papa lawe, me nā protocol TCP a me UDP;a ʻo ka protocol Matter, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai, he protocol layer application.
Ua hoʻolaʻa pū ʻo Bluetooth a me Zigbee i ka pūnaewele hoʻolaʻa, ka lawe ʻana a me nā papa noi, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā protocols lalo.
No laila, ʻo Matter kahi protocol kūʻokoʻa me Zigbee a me Bluetooth.I kēia manawa, ʻo nā protocol kumu wale nō i kākoʻo ʻia e Matter ʻo Wi-Fi, Thread a me Ethernet (Ethernet).
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻolālā protocol, pono mākou e ʻike ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka protocol Matter me kahi philosophy open.
He protocol open source hiki ke nānā ʻia, hoʻohana a hoʻololi ʻia e kekahi e kūpono i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi like ʻole a me nā pono, e ʻae ai i nā pono ʻenehana o ka ʻike a me ka hilinaʻi.
ʻO ka palekana o ka protocol Matter kekahi wahi kūʻai nui.Hoʻohana ia i ka ʻenehana hoʻopunipuni hou loa a kākoʻo i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hopena i ka hopena e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ʻaihue ʻia nā kamaʻilio o nā mea hoʻohana.
Ke kumu hoʻohālike pūnaewele o Matter
A laila, nānā mākou i ka pūnaewele maoli o Matter.Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia e kahi kiʻi:
E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ke kiʻikuhi, ʻo Matter kahi protocol e pili ana i ka TCP/IP, no laila ʻo Matter ka mea i hui pū ʻia me TCP/IP.
Hiki ke hoʻopili pololei ʻia nā hāmeʻa Wi-Fi a me Ethernet e kākoʻo ana i ka protocol Matter i kahi alalai uila.Hiki ke hoʻopili pū ʻia nā mea thread e kākoʻo ana i ka protocol Matter i nā pūnaewele pili IP e like me Wi-Fi ma o Border Routers.
Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻaʻole i kākoʻo i ka protocol Matter, e like me Zigbee a i ʻole Bluetooth, i kahi hāmeʻa ʻano alahaka (Matter Bridge/Gateway) e hoʻohuli i ka protocol a laila hoʻohui i kahi alalai uila.
Nā holomua ʻoihana ma Matter
Hōʻike ʻo Matter i kahi ʻano o ka ʻenehana home akamai.No laila, ua loaʻa ka manaʻo ākea a me ke kākoʻo hoihoi mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana.
Manaʻo nui ka ʻoihana e pili ana i nā manaʻo hoʻomohala o Matter.Wahi a kahi hōʻike hou e ka ʻoihana noiʻi mākeke ʻo ABI Research, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 biliona mau mea hoʻohana kelepona i hoʻopili ʻia e kūʻai ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa mai 2022 a 2030, a ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau ʻano mea e hoʻokō i ka kikoʻī Matter.
Ke hoʻohana nei ʻo Matter i kahi mīkini hōʻoia.Hoʻokumu nā mea hana i nā lako e pono ai ke hele i ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia o ka consortium CSA i mea e loaʻa ai ka palapala Matter a e ʻae ʻia e hoʻohana i ka logo Matter.
Wahi a ka CSA, e pili ana ka kikoʻī Matter i nā ʻano mea like ʻole e like me nā panela mana, nā laka puka, nā kukui, nā kumu, nā hoʻololi, nā mea ʻike, nā thermostats, nā mea pā, nā mea hoʻokele ea, nā makapō a me nā mea media, e uhi ana i nā hiʻohiʻona āpau i loko. ka home akamai.
Ma ka ʻoihana, ua loaʻa i ka ʻoihana ka nui o nā mea hana i hala i ka palapala hōʻoia Matter a ke komo mālie nei nā huahana i ka mākeke.Ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā mea hana chip a me nā module, aia pū kekahi kākoʻo ikaika no Matter.
Ka hopena
ʻO ka hana nui a Matter ma ke ʻano he protocol papa luna, ʻo ia ka wāwahi i nā pale ma waena o nā mea like ʻole a me nā kaiaola.He ʻokoʻa nā manaʻo o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma Matter, me ka ʻike ʻana o kekahi iā ia he mea hoʻōla a ʻike kekahi iā ia he papa maʻemaʻe.
I kēia manawa, aia ka protocol Matter i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hele ʻana i ka mākeke a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ke alo i kekahi mau pilikia a me nā pilikia, e like me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me kahi pōʻai hou no ka waihona o nā mea hana.
ʻO kēlā me kēia hihia, lawe mai ia i kahi haʻalulu i nā makahiki ʻeleʻele o nā ʻōnaehana ʻenehana home akamai.Inā kaupalena ka ʻōnaehana kahiko i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana a me ka palena ʻana i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana, a laila pono mākou i nā ʻenehana e like me Matter e piʻi i luna a lawe i ka hana nui.
Inā lanakila paha ʻo Matter a ʻaʻole paha, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo maopopo.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻike o ka ʻoihana home akamai holoʻokoʻa a me ke kuleana o kēlā me kēia hui a me nā loea i ka ʻoihana e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻenehana kikohoʻe i loko o ke ola home a hoʻomaikaʻi mau i ka ʻike ola kikohoʻe o nā mea hoʻohana.
Manaʻolana e wāwahi koke ka home akamai i nā kaulahao ʻenehana a komo maoli i kēlā me kēia home.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-29-2023