Ma ka mea kākau Italia ʻo Calvino ʻo "The Invisible City" aia kēia ʻōlelo: "Ua like ke kūlanakauhale me ka moeʻuhane, hiki i nā mea āpau ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ke moeʻuhane ......"
Ma ke ʻano he hana moʻomeheu nui o ke kanaka, lawe ke kūlanakauhale i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka no ke ola maikaʻi. No nā tausani makahiki, mai Plato a More, makemake mau ke kanaka e kūkulu i kahi utopia. No laila, ma ke ʻano, ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale akamai hou kahi kokoke loa i ka noho ʻana o nā moemoeā kanaka no ke ola maikaʻi.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma lalo o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ke kai ʻenehana hou o Kina a me ka hanauna hou o ka ʻenehana ʻike e like me ka Internet of Things, ke kūkulu ʻia nei nā kūlanakauhale akamai i ka piha, a me ke kūlanakauhale moeʻuhane e hiki ke noʻonoʻo a noʻonoʻo, e ulu a loaʻa. ke hele mālie nei ka mahana.
ʻO ka lua o ka papahana nui loa ma ke kahua o IoT: Smart Cities
ʻO nā kūlanakauhale akamai a me nā pāhana kūlanakauhale akamai kekahi o nā hoʻokō i kūkākūkā nui ʻia, i ʻike nui ʻia ma o ke ʻano kumu a hoʻohui pū ʻia i ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea, ʻikepili a me ka pilina, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻonā a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai e hoʻonui nui i ka wā e hele pū ai lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana mai nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai pōkole i nā kūlanakauhale akamai maoli. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomaka kēia uluʻana i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei a ua wikiwiki i ka 2016. Ma waena o nā mea'ē aʻe, he mea maʻalahi kaʻikeʻana i nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai kekahi o nā wahi nui o IoT i ka hana.
Wahi a ka loiloi o kahi hōʻike i paʻi ʻia e IoT Analytics, kahi hui loiloi IoT Kelemania, ʻo nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai ka lua o nā papahana IoT nui loa e pili ana i ka māhele honua o nā papahana IoT, ma hope o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele. A ma waena o nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai, ʻo ka noi kaulana loa ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ke akamai, a ukali ʻia e nā pono hana akamai.
No ka lilo ʻana i kūlanakauhale akamai "ʻoiaʻiʻo", pono nā kūlanakauhale i kahi ala hoʻohui e hoʻopili ai i nā papahana a hoʻopili pū i ka hapa nui o nā ʻikepili a me nā paepae e ʻike ai i nā pono āpau o ke kūlanakauhale akamai. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā ʻenehana wehe a me nā kahua ʻikepili wehe e lilo i kī no ka neʻe ʻana i ka pae aʻe.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo IDC, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻikepili i ka makahiki 2018 ka mua o ke kūkākūkā e lilo i kahua IoT. ʻOiai e loaʻa ana kēia i kekahi mau pilikia a ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i nā kūlanakauhale akamai, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ia mau kahua ʻikepili hāmama e hōʻike nui ʻia i loko o ke kikowaena kūlanakauhale akamai.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēia hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻikepili wehe i ka IDC FutureScape: 2017 Global IoT Forecast, kahi i ʻōlelo ai ka ʻoihana a hiki i ka 40% o nā aupuni kūloko a me nā aupuni e hoʻohana iā IoT e hoʻohuli i nā ʻoihana e like me nā kukui alanui, nā alanui a me nā hōʻailona kaʻa i nā waiwai, ma mua o nā aie. , ma ka makahiki 2019.
He aha nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi kūlanakauhale akamai?
ʻAʻole paha mākou e noʻonoʻo koke i nā papahana kaiapuni akamai a me nā papahana hoʻolaha waikahe akamai, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia he mea koʻikoʻi lākou i nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai. No ka laʻana, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pollution kaiapuni o ke kūlanakauhale, a laila ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi koke i nā pōmaikaʻi i nā kamaʻāina.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlanakauhale akamai e pili ana i ka kaʻa akamai, ka hoʻokele kaʻa akamai, nā kukui alanui akamai a me ka hoʻokele ʻōpala akamai. ʻO kēlā ʻōlelo, ʻo kēia mau hihia hoʻi e hoʻohui i kahi hui o ka pono, hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia o ke kūlanakauhale, hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola ma nā kūlanakauhale, a kau i nā kamaʻāina ma mua no nā kumu like ʻole.
Eia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona noiʻi a i ʻole nā wahi e pili ana i nā kūlanakauhale akamai.
Nā lawelawe aupuni, e like me nā lawelawe civic, nā lawelawe mākaʻikaʻi, ka halihali lehulehu, ka ʻike a me ka hoʻokele, a me nā lawelawe ʻike.
Ka palekana o ka lehulehu, ma nā wahi e like me ke kukui akamai, ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ka nānā ʻana i ka waiwai, ka mākaʻi, ka nānā wikiō a me ka pane ʻana i ka pilikia.
ʻO ka hoʻomau, me ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka ʻōpala akamai a me ka hana hou ʻana, ka ikehu akamai, ka anana akamai, ka wai akamai, etc.
Infrastructure, me nā ʻōnaehana akamai, ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino olakino o nā hale a me nā monuments, nā hale akamai, irrigation akamai, etc.
Kaʻahele: nā alanui akamai, kaʻana like kaʻa, kaʻa kaʻa akamai, ka hoʻokele kaʻa akamai, ka walaʻau a me ka nānā ʻana i ka pollution, etc.
ʻOi aku ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā hana a me nā lawelawe o ke kūlanakauhale akamai ma nā wahi e like me ka mālama olakino akamai, ka hoʻonaʻauao akamai, ka hoʻokele akamai, ka hoʻolālā akamai, a me ka ʻikepili akamai/wehe, ʻo ia nā mea nui e hiki ai i nā kūlanakauhale akamai.
ʻOi aku ma mua o ke kūlanakauhale akamai "Technology".
Ke hoʻomaka nei mākou e neʻe i nā kūlanakauhale akamai maoli, e hoʻomau ʻia nā koho e pili ana i ka pilina, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻikepili, nā kahua IoT, a me nā mea hou aʻe.
Maikaʻi no nā hihia hoʻohana he nui e like me ka hoʻokele ʻōpala akamai a i ʻole ke kaʻa kaʻa akamai, ʻo ka ʻenehana ʻenehana IoT no nā noi kūlanakauhale akamai i kēia lā he maʻalahi a maʻalahi. Loaʻa i nā kaona o ke kūlanakauhale ka uhi uila maikaʻi no ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana, aia nā ao, aia nā hopena kikoʻī a me nā huahana i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai, a aia nā loulou pūnaewele ākea ākea haʻahaʻa (LPWAN) ma nā kūlanakauhale he nui a puni ka honua i lawa. nā noi he nui.
ʻOiai aia kekahi ʻano ʻenehana koʻikoʻi i kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kūlanakauhale akamai ma mua o kēlā. Hiki i kekahi ke kūkākūkā i ke ʻano o ka "akamai". ʻOiaʻiʻo, i loko o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo paʻakikī a piha o nā kūlanakauhale akamai, e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono o nā kamaʻāina a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia o ka poʻe, ke kaiāulu a me nā kaiāulu kūlanakauhale.
ʻO nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe: ʻo nā kūlanakauhale me nā pāhana kūlanakauhale akamai maikaʻi ʻaʻole ia he hōʻikeʻike o ka ʻenehana, akā ua hoʻokō ʻia nā pahuhopu ma muli o ka ʻike holoʻokoʻa o ke kaiapuni i kūkulu ʻia a me nā pono kanaka (me nā pono ʻuhane). I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia ʻāina a me ka moʻomeheu, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau nā pono kumu a komo i nā pahuhopu ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana.
Ma ka puʻuwai o kekahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo smart i kēia mau lā, inā paha he hale akamai, grids akamai a i ʻole nā kūlanakauhale akamai, ʻo ia ka pilina a me ka ʻikepili, hiki i nā ʻenehana like ʻole a unuhi ʻia i loko o ka naʻauao e kākoʻo ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana ʻo ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea wale nō; ʻO nā kaiāulu pili a me nā kamaʻāina e like me ka mea nui.
Hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui o nā pilikia o ka honua e like me ka heluna kanaka kahiko a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ke aniau, a me nā "haʻawina i aʻo ʻia" mai ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻike maopopo ʻia ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā hou ʻana i ke kumu o nā kūlanakauhale, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka nohona a me ka maikaʻi o nā kūlanakauhale. e pilikia mau ana ke ola.
ʻO kahi haʻawina Accenture e nānā ana i nā lawelawe aupuni e pili ana i nā kamaʻāina, nāna i nānā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou me ka Internet of Things, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoluʻolu o nā kamaʻāina ma ka papa inoa. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka infographic o ka noiʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoluʻolu o nā limahana (80%), a ma ka hapa nui, ʻo ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻenehana pili hou i alakaʻi i nā hopena ʻike.
He aha nā luʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale akamai maoli?
ʻOiai ua oʻo nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai a ke ʻōwili ʻia nei nā mea hou a hoʻolālā ʻia, e hala kekahi mau makahiki ma mua o hiki iā mākou ke kapa maoli i ke kūlanakauhale he "kūlanakauhale akamai".
ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o nā kūlanakauhale akamai i kēia mau lā ma mua o kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā hope-a-hope. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe he nui nā hana e hana ʻia ma nā hana, nā waiwai a me nā ʻoihana e loaʻa ai kahi kūlanakauhale akamai maoli, a hiki ke unuhi ʻia kēia hana i kahi mana akamai. Eia naʻe, paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale akamai maoli ma muli o nā ʻano pilikino i pili.
Ma ke kūlanakauhale akamai, pili kēia mau wahi a pau, ʻaʻole kēia he mea hiki ke hoʻokō i ka pō. Nui nā pilikia hoʻoilina, e like me kekahi mau hana a me nā hoʻoponopono, pono nā mākaukau hou, pono e hana ʻia nā pilina he nui, a nui ka hoʻoponopono ʻana e hana ʻia ma nā pae āpau (ka hoʻokele kūlanakauhale, nā lawelawe aupuni, nā lawelawe kaʻa. , ka palekana a me ka palekana, nā ʻoihana lehulehu, nā keʻena aupuni a me nā mea hana ʻaelike, nā lawelawe hoʻonaʻauao, etc.).
Eia hou, mai ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻolālā kuanaʻike, ʻike maopopo ʻia e pono pū mākou e nānā i ka palekana, ka ʻikepili nui, ka neʻe ʻana, ke ao a me nā ʻenehana hoʻohui like ʻole, a me nā kumuhana pili i ka ʻike. He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike, a me ka hoʻokele ʻikepili a me nā hana ʻikepili i ke kūlanakauhale akamai o kēia lā a me ka lā ʻapōpō.
ʻO kekahi pilikia ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻano a me ka makemake o nā kamaʻāina. A ʻo ka loaʻa kālā ʻana o nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai kekahi o nā mea e hina ai. Ma kēia ʻano, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike i nā hoʻolālā aupuni, inā he aupuni a i ʻole supranational, kikoʻī i nā kūlanakauhale akamai a i ʻole ecology, a i hoʻomaka ʻia e nā mea pāʻani ʻoihana, e like me Cisco's Urban Infrastructure Finance Acceleration Program.
Akā maopopo, ʻaʻole kēia paʻakikī e hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā kūlanakauhale akamai a me nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai. Ke kaʻana like ʻana o nā kūlanakauhale i kā lākou ʻike a hoʻomohala i nā papahana akamai me nā pōmaikaʻi maopopo, loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou ʻike a aʻo mai nā hemahema hiki ʻole. Me ka papa kuhikuhi alanui i loko o ka noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole, a e hoʻonui nui kēia i nā hiki o nā papahana kūlanakauhale akamai i kēia manawa i kahi wā e hiki mai ana.
E nānā i nā kūlanakauhale akamai
ʻOiai ua pili pono nā kūlanakauhale akamai me ka ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ke kūlanakauhale akamai ma mua o kēlā. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o ke kūlanakauhale akamai ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana kūpono e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi holoʻokoʻa o ke ola ma ke kūlanakauhale.
I ka piʻi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua, pono ke kūkulu ʻia nā kūlanakauhale hou a hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o nā kūlanakauhale i kēia manawa. Ke hoʻohana pono ʻia, he mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻenehana no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau pilikia a me ke kōkua ʻana e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia he nui e kū nei i nā kūlanakauhale o kēia mau lā. Eia naʻe, i mea e hana maoli ai i kahi honua kūlanakauhale akamai, pono kahi ʻike ākea.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe loea e ʻike ākea i nā kūlanakauhale akamai, ma ke ʻano o nā pahuhopu a me ka ʻenehana, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e kapa i kekahi noi kelepona i kūkulu ʻia e kekahi ʻāpana he noi kūlanakauhale akamai.
1. He hiʻohiʻona kanaka ma mua o ka ʻenehana akamai: hoʻolilo i nā kūlanakauhale i nā wahi maikaʻi e noho ai
ʻAʻole pili i ke akamai o kā mākou ʻenehana akamai a me ka naʻauao e hoʻohana ai, pono mākou e kamaʻilio i kekahi mau mea kumu - nā kānaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona 5, e pili ana i ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi, ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ke komo ʻana, ka makemake e hoʻololi, ka makemake e hana, ka pilikanaka. huikau, etc.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jerry Hultin, ka luna o ka Global Future Group, ka luna o ka Smart City Expo World Congress Advisory Board, a he loea akamai i ke kūlanakauhale, "hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā mea he nui, akā i ka hopena, pono mākou e hoʻomaka me mākou iho."
ʻO ka hui kaiaulu ka lole o ke kūlanakauhale a nā kānaka e makemake ai e noho, aloha, ulu, aʻo a mālama, ka lole o ke ao honua akamai. Ma keʻano he poʻe kumuhana o nā kūlanakauhale, ua makemake nā kamaʻāina e komo, e hoʻololi, a e hana. Akā ma nā kūlanakauhale he nui, ʻaʻole lākou manaʻo e komo a noi ʻia e komo, a he ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia ma waena o nā heluna kanaka a me nā ʻāina kahi i manaʻo nui ai i ka ʻenehana kūlanakauhale akamai e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kino civic, akā ʻaʻole ka nānā ʻana i nā pono kanaka. a me ke komo ʻana.
Eia kekahi, hiki i ka ʻenehana ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka palekana, akā pehea ka hilinaʻi? Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ka haunaele politika, nā pōʻino kūlohelohe, nā ʻino politika, a i ʻole ka kānalua wale nō e hele mai me ka loli nui o nā manawa ma nā kūlanakauhale he nui a puni ka honua, ʻaʻohe manaʻolana e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hilinaʻi o nā kānaka.
No laila he mea nui e ʻike i ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia kūlanakauhale a me kēlā me kēia ʻāina; he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i nā kamaʻāina pākahi; a he mea nui e aʻo i ka dynamics i loko o nā kaiāulu, nā kūlanakauhale a me nā hui kamaʻāina a me kā lākou pilina me ka ulu ʻana o ka kaiaola a me nā ʻenehana pili i nā kūlanakauhale akamai.
2. ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka ʻike o ke kūlanakauhale akamai mai ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana
ʻO ka manaʻo, ka hihiʻo, ka wehewehe a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kūlanakauhale akamai i ka loli mau.
Ma nā manaʻo he nui, he mea maikaʻi ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale akamai ʻaʻole i kau ʻia i ka pōhaku. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale, koe wale nō ke kūlanakauhale, he mea ola a he kaiaola nona ke ola ponoʻī a ua hana ʻia me nā mea neʻe, ola, pili pū kekahi, ʻo ka nui o nā kamaʻāina, nā limahana, nā malihini, nā haumāna, a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ao holoʻokoʻa o ke "kūlanakauhale akamai" e haʻalele i ke ʻano ikaika, loli a ʻano like ʻole o ke kūlanakauhale.
ʻO ka ho'ēmiʻana i nā kūlanakauhale akamai i nāʻenehana e loaʻa ai nā hopena ma o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea pili, nā pūnaewele, nā pūnaeweleʻike, a me nāʻike hope loa mai kaʻikeʻikepili pili a me ka hanaʻana i kahi ala e wehewehe ai i ke kūlanakauhale akamai. Akā ʻaʻole ia e nānā i nā mea nui o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā lāhui, ʻaʻole ia e nānā i nā ʻano moʻomeheu, a ke kau nei i ka ʻenehana i mua a i waena o nā pahuhopu like ʻole.
Akā ʻoiai mākou e hoʻopaʻa iā mākou iho i ka pae ʻenehana, maʻalahi ka nalo ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o ka ʻenehana i ka neʻe mau a me ka wikiwiki, me nā mea hou e puka mai ana, e like me ka puka ʻana mai o nā luʻi hou ma ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kaiāulu. holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole wale nā ʻenehana e puka mai nei, akā ʻo nā manaʻo a me nā ʻano o nā kānaka e pili ana i ia mau ʻenehana, e like me ka pae o nā kūlanakauhale, nā kaiāulu a me nā lāhui holoʻokoʻa.
No ka mea, ʻo kekahi mau ʻenehana he mea hiki i nā ala maikaʻi e holo ai i nā kūlanakauhale, lawelawe i nā kamaʻāina a hoʻomākaukau no nā pilikia o kēia manawa a me ka wā e hiki mai ana. No nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā kamaʻāina a me ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana o nā kūlanakauhale e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi ma ka pae ʻenehana.
No laila, inā mākou e hoʻomau i ka wehewehe kumu o ke kūlanakauhale akamai i kona mau aʻa ʻenehana, ʻaʻohe kumu e hiki ʻole ai ke hoʻololi ʻia, a e loli maikaʻi ia i ka wā e ulu mau ana nā manaʻo i ke kuleana a me kahi o ka ʻenehana.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kūlanakauhale a me nā hui, a me nā hihiʻo o nā kūlanakauhale, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa wale mai kēlā me kēia ʻāina i kēlā me kēia wahi, kahi i kahi wahi, a ma waena o nā pūʻulu demographic like ʻole i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, akā e ulu pū kekahi i ka manawa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-08-2023